Pathology

Coronary heart disease, also called coronary artery disease or ischemic heart disease, disease characterized by an inadequate supply of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle (myocardium) because of narrowing or blocking of a coronary artery by fatty plaques (see atherosclerosis). If the oxygen depletion is extreme, the effect may be a myocardial infarction (heart attack). If the deprivation is insufficient to cause infarction (death of a section of heart muscle), the effect may be angina pectoris (pain or discomfort in the chest). Both conditions can be fatal because they can lead to heart failure or ventricular fibrillation. The latter, characterized by an uncontrolled and uncoordinated contraction of the ventricles (the lower chambers of the heart), can induce sudden death.

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